gswr-9

Glasgow and South Western Railway No. 9 is a 4-4-0 express passenger locomotive designed by Hugh Smellie, Locomotive Superintendent of the Glasgow and South Western Railway from 1878 to 1890, and built in 1877 as one of the G&SWR's express engines for the Midland Railway route between Glasgow and London St Pancras via Dumfries, Carlisle, and the scenic Settle and Carlisle line. The G&SWR was the Midland Railway's partner in the Midland Route to Scotland — competing directly with the Caledonian Railway (West Coast) and the North British Railway (East Coast) — and its express locomotives needed to be capable of the demanding Anglo-Scottish schedules over the gradients of the Galloway hills south of Kilmarnock and the Nithsdale route to Carlisle.

Hugh Smellie's 4-4-0 was one of the earlier inside-cylinder 4-4-0 express types on a Scottish railway, predating the more celebrated Drummond and McIntosh 4-4-0 designs that followed on the Caledonian and other Scottish railways. The G&SWR's operating requirement was distinctive: working the through Midland Route Pullman trains from Glasgow St Enoch to Carlisle in connection with Midland Railway expresses, carrying passengers who preferred the scenic Settle and Carlisle approach to Scotland over the busier WCML.

No. 9 is preserved at the Riverside Museum, Glasgow, in G&SWR livery, representing the smallest and least celebrated of the three pre-Grouping Scottish main-line railways in preservation.